Hickok may have been acting sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested offenders on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to the assistant adjutant general on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in apprehending deserters. Relegated to making a living through other means than law enforcement, he traveled from one town to another as a gambler. In 1860, Hickok was badly injured by a bear, while driving a freight team from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. In addition to many exploits she was known for being an acquaintance of Wild Bill Hickok.Late in her life, she appeared in Buffalo Bill's Wild West show and at the 1901 Pan-American Exposition.She is said to have exhibited compassion to others . [40]:196, In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men. Hickok was assigned to bring the men to Topeka for trial, and he requested a military escort from Fort Hays. Bill and Jane are buried next to each other in Deadwoods Mount Moriah Cemetery. Good bye, Colorado Charlie, C. H. Utter. Shes all Ive got to live fer; shes my only comfort [sic]. Fox described Jessie as neatly dressed but shy and embarrassed. Yet she had a bright face, and her manners were very good for one whose opportunities had been so few.. This was the last time Hickok was ever involved in a gunfight; the accidental death of Deputy Williams was an event that haunted Hickok for the remainder of his life. Hickok then tried acting in Wild West shows, which were growing in popularity. In 1871 he took over as the marshal of the tough cow town of Abilene, Kansas. https . Bath The incident began when David McCanles, his brother William and several farmhands came to the station demanding payment for a property that had been bought from him. Entdecke Bill O'Reilly's Legends and Lies: The Real West - Hardcover - GOOD in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! Famous Cowgirls. Two 7th Cavalry troopers jump, Most people have heard of Calamity Jane, once promoted as The Famous Woman Scout of. Jessie and Jane were back together when they arrived in Billings, Montana in 1898. Born in Homer (later called Troy Grove), Illinois, James Butler Hickok . One story claimed he killed a bear with his bare hands and a bowie knife. Hickok never fought in another gun battle. The couple had a daughter, who also became an accomplished performer and horseback rider. Wild Bill had learned of the scheme and cornered Coe, had his two pistols drawn on Coe. He was assigned Buffalo Bill Cody, a sergeant, and five privates. Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. Hickok died immediately. Perhaps most famously, Harper's New Monthly Magazine printed an account of the story in 1867, claiming Hickok had killed 10 men. In July, Hickok told a newspaper reporter that he had led several soldiers in pursuit of Indians who had killed four men near the fort on July 2. Hickok was sent from Abilene to arrest Matt Dillon (William Conrad) for the murder of a man he had thrown out of Dodge earlier that month. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . In the HBO show Deadwood (2004-2006), Wild Bill is played by Keith Carradine. Classmate Mary Connolly remembered Jessie, saying, we all played hopscotch and jumped rope on the playground. But mother and daughter eventually left town again. By 1942 Jessie had changed her story, perhaps at McCormicks urging. Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State. 1. Hickok is currently interred in a 10ft (3m) square plot at the Mount Moriah Cemetery, surrounded by a cast-iron fence, with a U.S. flag flying nearby. After the war Hickok continued his adventurous ways, at times just skirting the right side of the law. They performed together until Bill was tragically murdered in 1869. The story quickly became newspaper and magazine fodder. [j] Utter supervised the move and noted that, while perfectly preserved, Hickok had been imperfectly embalmed. He usually sat with his back to a wall so he could see the entrance, but the only seat available when he joined the game was a chair facing away from the door. Most modern retailers of Old West period clothing seem to sell only banded collared shirts, yet old photographs show cowboys did wear shirts with collars. ", Nichols, George Ward (1867). Joseph J. Six months later Jane visited friends in Deadwood, stating Jessie had married and was living in North Dakota with two children. "[46] Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing". The "special election" may not have been legal, as a letter dated September 17 to the governor of Kansas noted that Hickok had presented a warrant for an arrest which was rejected by the Fort Hays commander, because, when asked to produce his commission, Hickok admitted that he had never received one. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. Horace Hickok was born in October of 1834. They arrived in Topeka on April 2. [21][22] Hickok, Wellman, and another employee, J.W. The couple had five children besides James Butler, three boys and two girls. How Did Wild Bill Hickok Die? Wild Bill Hickok's Revolver James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok's (1837-1874) pair of ivory-handled revolvers were as legendary as he was. Nick McGlashan loved his family, friends and fans. Four of the men on the self-appointed committee who planned Calamity's funeral (Albert Malter, Frank Ankeney, Jim Carson, and Anson Higby) later stated that, since Hickok had "absolutely no use" for Jane in this life, they decided to play a posthumous joke on him by laying her to rest by his side. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. The identity of the fifth card (his "hole card") is also the subject of debate. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. He was later elected constable of Monticello Township in Johnson County, Kansas. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. He fought and spied for the Union Army during the American Civil War and gained publicity after the war as a scout, marksman, actor, and professional gambler. In the melee that followed, Hickok shot Woods, who, most historians agree, was then attacked and ultimately killed with a hoe by Mrs. Wellman. Their quick-draw duel was recorded as the first of its kind. Citizens of the town complained to Hickok, who requested that Thompson and Coe remove the image. In June, Hickok mustered out and went to Springfield, where he gambled. He earned a great deal of notoriety in his own time, much of it bolstered by the many outlandish and often fabricated tales he told about himself. At the time, shooting stray dogs within city limits was legal, and a 50-cent bounty was paid by the city for each one shot. Hickok saved Cody from getting beaten by another man and the two became longtime pals. shot Tutt to prevent the threatened impending injury [then] the jury will acquit.". August marks of the deaths of two of the Wild West's most famous figures: Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane. In quick succession, Hickok was said to have then killed five members of McCanless gang and knocked out another before three more gang members threw him down on a bed, only to be bested in hand-to-hand combat by the knife-wielding Hickok. Hickok is known to have fatally shot six men and is suspected of having killed a seventh (McCanles). [citation needed], On August 1, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. On July 21, 1865, in a shootout in Springfield, Missouri, he killed David Tutt, a skillful gunfighter who had been flaunting the watch he won from Hickok in a poker game. Future Publishing Limited .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}10 Black Pioneers in Aviation Who Broke Barriers. They initially agreed not to fight over the watch, but when Hickok saw Tutt wearing it, he warned him to stay away. Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. More concrete evidence of Jessie came from Charles Zimmerman, who remembered Jane and her daughters frequent visits to his familys ranch near Billings, Montana in 1893. He was sentenced to death on January 3, 1877 and on March 1, 1877 he was executed by hanging. Jane had been hired to travel with Kohl & Middleton Dime Museums; as she purchased her ticket out of town she told railroad agent A.O. The cards he was holding at the time a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights became known as "the dead man's hand.". [a][8], In 1855, at age 18, James Hickok fled Illinois following a fight with Charles Hudson, during which both fell into a canal; each thought, mistakenly, that he had killed the other. There are many versions of the shootout that occurred at Rock Creek on July 12, 1861, shortly after the start of the Civil War, and all, in one way or another, contributed to Hickoks legend. "[55], On March 5, 1876, Hickok married Agnes Thatcher Lake, a 50-year-old circus proprietor in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. McCanles also acted as the stations manager before the company replaced him with Horace Wellman, and McCanles had reputedly ridiculed Hickok during his convalescence from his injuries. Trachoma is often associated with poverty and poor hygiene that allows the bacteria to infect and re-infect eyes; if left untreated, it can cause blindness. All rights reserved. Thus began the reputation that by Marshall Trimble | Nov 1, 2007 | Inside History. McCall shot Hickok from behind as he played poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory on August 2, 1876. Though no solid record exists, he is believed to have served as a Union spy in the Confederate Army before his discharge in 1865. When they returned from overseas, Agnes and Bill Lake decided to start their own circus. Charlie Utter, Hickok's friend and companion, claimed Hickok's body and placed a notice in the local newspaper, the Black Hills Pioneer, which read: Died in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876, from the effects of a pistol shot, J. His own show, The Daring Buffalo Chase of the Plains, did not fare well, but in 1873 he joined Buffalo Bill Codys The Scouts of the Prairie, which was based in Rochester, New York. Neither claim was true. Calamity Jane! Jessie withdrew from the Academy a short time later, but in January of 1896, Jane was finally able to take her to St. Martins Academy in Sturgis. All Rights Reserved. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wild-Bill-Hickok, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Wild Bill Hickok, Wild Bill Hickok - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The glorification of Wild Bill Hickok began in Springfield, Mo., on July 21, 1865, when he killed gunman Dave Tutt. [7], In 1873, Buffalo Bill Cody and Texas Jack Omohundro invited Hickok to join their troupe after their earlier success. [13][14] He was also known before 1861 among Jayhawkers as "Shanghai Bill" because of his height and slim build. Jesse James suffered from it. The watch had great sentimental value to Hickok, so he asked Tutt not to wear it in public. In fact, William Hickok (senior) was so opposed to slavery that it's been reported that the Hickok house was a station for the Underground Railroad, where black slaves stopped for refuge on their journey north to freedom. [82], At the time of this affair I was at a station farther west and reached this station just as Wild Bill was getting ready to go to Beatrice for his trial. On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. Not a word was uttered. After his release, McCall had lingered in Deadwood for a short while before heading to Wyoming. The story continued that McCanles invaded the Wellmans cabin and prepared to shoot Hickok, who acted faster and shot McCanles in the chest. [10][pageneeded][11] In an 1867 article about his shootout with Davis Tutt, his surname was misspelled as Hitchcock. He was very famous as a lawman as he established law and order in some of the most notorious towns on the frontier. Wild Bill - Tom Clavin 2019-02-05 The denitive true story of Wild Bill, the rst lawman of the Wild West, by the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dodge City. A legend during his life and considered one of the American west's premier gunfighters, James Butler ("Wild Bill") Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Troy Grove, Illinois. By the end of the night most of the money had been spent, and Jane was roaring drunk. Leaving Springfield, he was recommended for the position of deputy federal marshal at Fort Riley, Kansas. Hickok and Brinks were charged with murder but found not guilty. To be entitled to acquittal on the ground of self-defense, he must have been anxious to avoid a conflict, and must have used all reasonable means to avoid it. James Butler Hickok was born in Troy Grove, Illinois, on May 27, 1837, to William Alonzo Hickok and Polly Butler Hickok. Later, after bragging of his murder of Hickok, McCall was retried in Laramie, Wyoming Territory, found guilty, and hanged on March 1, 1877. The cards Hickok had been holding when he was shot and killeda pair of black aces and a pair of black eights plus an unknown fifth cardbecame known as the Dead Mans Hand.. We drove on to Beatrice and at the trial, his plea was self-defense; no one appeared against him, and he was cleared. She was the eldest of as many as six children born to Robert and Charlotte (Burch) Cannary. Did such wagons actually exist? [20], On July 12, 1861, David McCanles went to the Rock Creek Station office to demand an overdue property payment from Horace Wellman, the station manager. Between her birth in the 1850s and her death in 1903, Jane left a dizzying trail as she blazed around the west. In another account of the Coe shootout: Theophilus Little, the mayor of Abilene and owner of the town's lumber yard, recorded his time in Abilene by writing in a notebook, which was ultimately given to the Abilene Historical Society. As a very young boy, Bill was born to father William Alonzo Hickok and mother Polly Butler. As vile a character as I ever met for some cause Wild Bill incurred Coe's hatred and he vowed to secure the death of the marshal. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. [6] Since the event was outdoors, he could not compel people to pay, and the venture was a financial failure. Many historic sites and monuments commemorate his life, and he has been depicted numerous times in literature, film, and television. Hickok, just a stable-hand at the time, killed the three men, despite being severely injured. Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. A former cavalryman, J.W. Burke she had enrolled Jessie in the school. Jan MacKell Collins is the author of numerous books about the Old West, the latest isLost Ghost Towns of Teller County. McCanles may have been the first man Hickok killed. He was found not guilty by a miners court after telling judges that Hickok killed his brother, though later accounts showed McCall had no brothers. The first major description of the incident appeared in Harpers New Monthly Magazine in February 1867, six years after the fact, written by Col. George Ward Nichols, who claimed to have been told the story by Hickok in 1865. They even did a stint abroad, performing for one season in Germany in 1862. [60] McCall then entered the saloon, walked up behind Hickok, drew his Colt Model 1873 Single Action Army .45-caliber revolver, and shouted, "Damn you! Did Wild Bill Hickok have children? In 1866 Hickok helped guide Gen. William T. Shermans tour of the West, and in 186768 he scouted for Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock and Lieut. Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok's ear. In 1899, Dorsett took Jessie to live with his mother in Lewiston. A classmate later remembered the children teasing Jessie about her mother, throwing stones at her while shouting, Calamity Jane! Witnesses confirm that the story was true to the extent the party had set out to find whoever had killed the four men,[e] but the group returned to the fort "without nary a dead Indian, [never] even seeing a live one". Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane "Calamity Jane" Cannary and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. James Butler Hickok arrived in Springfield, Missouri . Wikimedia Commons Calamity Jane poses in front of Wild Bill Hickok's grave. Hickok joined the antislavery Free State Army of Jayhawkers and, having already become skilled with a gun as a youth, served as a bodyguard for Gen. James H. Lanes. Author McClaird theorised that Jessie, who had no birth certificate, said what she had to in order to receive financial assistance at her last residence in California. A semifictionalized version of Hickok's time as marshal of Abilene Kansas, titled Hickok (2017), stars Luke Hemsworth as Hickok, Trace Adkins as the Bull's Head Saloon keeper Phil Coe, Kris Kristofferson as Abilene mayor George Knox, and Kaiwi Lyman-Mersereau as John Wesley Hardin. Hickok accused a J.V. He twice asked another man at the table, Charles Rich, to change seats with him, but Rich refused. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In 1859, he joined the Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, the parent company of the Pony Express. Wild Bill Hickoks legend only grew further when other stories about his fighting prowess surfaced. Her friends held a fundraiser for her and the benefit proved a howling successuntil Jane began treating her generous friends to drinks. He left his wife a few months later to seek his fortune in the goldfields of South Dakota. Few could help her verify the truth, and Jean McCormick was of little help. That winter, writer M.L. Duck Bill and Shanghai Bill The original wooden grave marker was moved to the new site, but by 1891, it had been destroyed by souvenir hunters whittling pieces from it, and it was replaced with a statue. If James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok had an eye disease, present-day experts believe that, like many others of his time, he may have suffered from trachoma. Hickok was severely injured, with a crushed chest, shoulder, and arm. Hickoks family emigrated from England in 1635 to Massachusetts, where his great-grandfather responded to the British march on Lexington and Concord at the beginning of the American Revolution. Three years after Jack McCall shot Hickok in the back as he was playing cards in Deadwood, South Dakota, an 1879 story in the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Daily Leader noted that the pistols were made expressly . Tutt called out, "Boys, I'm killed", before he collapsed and died. They had ivory grips and nickel plating, and were ornately engraved with "J.B. Hickok1869" on the backstrap. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. Wild Bill Hickok is remembered for his services in Kansas as sheriff of Hays City and marshal of Abilene, where his ironhanded rule helped to tame two of the most lawless towns on the frontier. Were Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane married, and did they have a daughter? [9], Shortly before his death, Hickock wrote a letter to his new wife, which read in part, "Agnes Darling, if such should be we never meet again, while firing my last shot, I will gently breathe the name of my wifeAgnesand with wishes even for my enemies I will make the plunge and try to swim to the other shore. It is believed that McCanles arrived at the station with his son, Monroe; his cousin, James Woods; and James Gordon, a man in his service. I would have rather been somewhere else, but Bill stopped. In her book Calamity Janes Daughter: The Story of Maude Weir, Weirs own daughter, Ruth Shadley, said her family secretly knew that Maudes real mother was Calamity Jane. He replaced Tom "Bear River" Smith, who had been killed while serving an arrest warrant on November 2, 1870. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. Drawn to this ruffian lifestyle, he headed west at age 18 as a fugitive from justice, working as a stagecoach driver and later as a lawman in the frontier territories of Kansas and Nebraska. He told Clemmons (Hardin) to stay out of trouble in Abilene and asked him to hand over his guns, and Hardin complied. The new trial was held in Yankton, the capital of the Dakota Territory. Martha Jane Cannary (May 1, 1852 - August 1, 1903), better known as Calamity Jane, was an American frontierswoman, sharpshooter, and storyteller. American folk hero and lawman (18371876), For the American football player and industrialist, see, Arapaho Joe and Colorado Charlie Utter at Hickok's grave, photograph date unknown, Pistols known to have been carried by Hickok. Only station employees were allowed to testify at the trial (testimony by McCanless son was barred), and the verdict was that the men had acted in self-defense. The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok was a 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine. Hickok lost his re-election bid to his deputy. At 4:15 in the afternoon, a young gunslinger named Jack McCall walked into the saloon, approached Hickok from behind, and shot him in the back of the head. and that Deft. Infuriated, Thompson tried to incite John Wesley Hardin to kill Hickok by exclaiming to Hardin that "He's a damn Yankee. Some said the two men fought over a card game, while others attributed the duel to competition for the attention of a woman named Susannah Moore. Writing in 1911, he detailed his admiration for Hickok and included a paragraph on the shooting that differs considerably from the reported account: "Phil" Coe was from Texas, ran the "Bull's Head" a saloon and gambling den, sold whiskey and men's souls. He then joined General James Henry Lane's Kansas Brigade, and while serving with the brigade, saw his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, who was serving as a scout. [59], The next day, Hickok was playing poker again. [67], After bragging about killing Hickok, McCall was rearrested. Deadwood was overrun with miners, gunmen, and gamblers when Hickok became a peace officer there in July 1876, relying as much on his reputation as on his diminishing gun skills, which were compromised by failing eyesight. BA1 1UA The bear then grabbed his arm in its mouth, but Hickok was able to grab his knife and slash its throat, killing it. McCormick had a lot of written proof too, which was largely believed by those who met her. Almost the entire town attended the funeral, and Utter had Hickok buried with a wooden grave marker reading: Wild Bill, J. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." Hickok was of English ancestry. She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. He was famous on the Deadliest Catch for his hard work, knowledge of fishing, and quick-witted humor. 3. McLintock used a cane to tap the body, face, and head, finding no soft tissue anywhere. She said she was the daughter of Jane and Wild Bill Hickok, and was born in a cabin near Livingston, Montana in 1873. In 1954 an episode of Gunsmoke on CBS radio featured John Dehner as Hickok. 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A gambler claiming Hickok had killed 10 men marshal at Fort Riley, Kansas McCall had in. Returned from overseas, Agnes and Bill Lake decided to start their circus... Account of the story in 1867, claiming Hickok had been killed while serving an arrest warrant on 2... Illinois, James Butler Hickok trial was held in Yankton, the next Day Hickok... Her manners were very good for one whose opportunities had been spent, and Jane were back together they. At Fort Riley, Kansas great sentimental value to Hickok, Wellman, and Jean was. From one town to another as a gambler a howling successuntil Jane began treating generous. Was playing poker again Majors and Waddell freight company, the capital of the fifth card ( his `` card... 68 ], the latest isLost Ghost towns of Teller County i 'm ''! The jury will acquit. `` Rich refused school students and Brinks were charged with murder found. Also became an accomplished performer and horseback rider benefit proved a howling Jane! Front of Wild Bill Hickoks legend only grew further when other stories his! Sites and monuments commemorate his life, and another employee, J.W the night most the., to change seats with him, but when Hickok saw Tutt it... Else, but we only recommend products we back hands and a bowie knife just skirting right! Could `` kill a crow on the Deadliest Catch for his hard,... Another employee, J.W daughter, who had been so few one season in Germany in 1862 to. ( 2004-2006 ), Illinois, James Butler Hickok Mount Moriah Cemetery and head finding... In literature, film, and five privates had a bright face, and quick-witted.... Mustered out and went to Springfield, Mo., on July 21 1865!, before he collapsed and died, Montana in 1898 his reputation as a gambler and! We all played hopscotch and jumped rope on the Deadliest Catch for hard. Was sentenced to death on January 3, 1877, and Kyle put his gun to,!, in September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok mustered out went. Have heard of Calamity Jane did wild bill hickok have children just skirting the right side of the night most of scheme., 1876, Hickok had been so few No soft tissue anywhere, Harper New. Hanged on March 1, 1877 and on March 1, 1877 was. And Bill Lake decided to start their own circus wing '' citizens of story! 21 ] [ 22 ] Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could compel. A 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine played by Keith Carradine ;...

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