The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. People with diabetes should use caution when taking milk thistle, as it may reduce blood sugar. Milk thistle is an herb that has been used for years for various health benefits. Loose stools or upset stomach may occur. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. Milk thistle may help strengthen a persons immune response. Brittany Lubeck, RD, is a nutrition writer and registered dietitian with a master's degree in clinical nutrition. Available for Android and iOS devices. She was awarded the Pr more, Ravi Teja Tadimalla , Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health, Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. Sebagai suplemen makanan, minum 1-2 kapsul setiap hari sebaiknya dengan makanan atau seperti . The extract of the seeds of milk thistle contains a number of substances, collectively called silymarin. Calm an upset stomach. Milk thistle has a range of potential health benefits due to its active ingredient, silymarin, which is an antioxidant. These studies are very small, and it is uncertain whether their findings apply to humans. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Dosage: How Much Milk Thistle Should I Take? Milk thistle (PDQ) patient version. We encourage you to discuss any decisions about treatment or care with your health care provider. This article explores potential milk thistle benefits and examines whether there is any scientific evidence to support its use. Tajmohammadi A, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial. Goldenseal: 9 Potential Health Benefits, Dosage, And Possible Side 4 Side Effects Of Mulberry You Should Know, 12 Health Benefits Of Elderberry, Uses, Dosage, And Recipes, 14 Health Benefits Of Artichoke, Nutrition, & Side Effects, 10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Lily Of The Valley, Best Foods To Increase Breast Milk Supply. Common Names:milk thistle, Mary thistle, holy thistle, Latin Names:Silybum marianum, synonym Carduus marianus. However, consult your doctor for the best advice. Vegetable Oil: Nutrition Fac Olive Oil Vs. Learn, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Does milk thistle interact with my other drugs? The extract of the seeds of milk thistle contains a number of substances, collectively called silymarin. There's not a ton of evidence showing that it actually works, but herbal medicine regulators in Germany . There are 4 drugs known to interact with Do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any medicine before checking with your doctor or pharmacist first. increased sweating. In Canada - Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Check with your physician if you have any of the. For this reason, it is important to buy milk thistle from reputable retailers. The Effects of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) on Human Cytochrome P450 Activity, Drug Metabolsim and Disposition, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. This may help ease symptoms from liver . You may be allergic to milk thistle if you are allergic to ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, or daisy. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20892, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He specializes Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health. Dosage is also typically listed on the nutrition label of supplements. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US); February 20, 2022. 2012;308(3):274-82. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. One small 2017 study in rats suggests that these supplements may together protect against kidney damage caused by carbon tetrachloride, a common chemical that people use in dry-cleaning facilities. What is the daily upper limit for milk thistle? Milk Thistle View Free Coupon Uses Images Who should not take Milk Thistle? 2018;9:1903. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01903. Milk thistle adalah antioksidan kuat yang dapat membantu menjaga fungsi hati. World J Gastroenterol. Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First Databank, Inc. It is not uncommon for supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements. You should follow dosage directions to prevent side effects. Milk thistle constituents inhibit raloxifene intestinal glucuronidation: a potentially clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction. The medical community requires further studies before it can safely conclude that milk thistle supports bone health in humans. We explore the potential health benefits of milk thistle below. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. Read our. (2021). Researchers have found benefits for several types of cancer, including: Several small studies have also found that milk thistle may decrease the side effects of cancer treatments, including radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy. 2007;2007(4):CD003620. The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. A small number of studies have suggested that milk thistle extract might be beneficial for diabetes, but the conclusions about its effectiveness are not definite. The antioxidant properties of milk thistle can regenerate and minimize the damages in the liver cells which are done by consuming alcohol (1). Phytomedicine. This suggests milk thistle may be beneficial for those looking to lose weight. Gufford BT, Chen G, Vergara AG, Lazarus P, Oberlies NH, Paine MF. Its seed might protect liver cells from toxic chemicals and drugs. Take your next dose at the regular time. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Monk Fruit: Nutrition, Benefits, And Side Monk Fruit: Nutrition, Benefits, And Side Effects, Seitan Nutrition Benefits, Side Effects, & How To Make It, 12 Health Benefits Of Milk Thistle, Nutrition, & Side Effects, 15 Serious Side Effects Of Ashwagandha & Precautions To Take, 10 Amazing Health Benefits Of Buckwheat Tea. Fried, M.; Navarro, V.; Afdhal, N. et al. Milk thistle's neutralizing effects on oxidative stress make it an ideal supporter of clear, healthy skin through all phases of the lifespan.*. Refer to storage information printed on the package. Although milk thistle could play a role in diabetes management, scientists must undertake more research to confirm whether it reduces insulin resistance and supports diabetes management. By Brittany Lubeck, RD Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. It could also have similar effects on the body to estrogen. More study is needed to confirm this. Silymarin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. A 2015 study in worms found that milk thistle increased resistance to oxidative stress. It can be consumed in supplement form or as a tea. The medical community requires more research to see if silymarin benefits asthma symptoms in humans. The name milk thistle is associated with the legend of Mother Mary. You can buy milk thistle online in the supplement form. Milk thistle is available as a supplement from many health food stores. Some research also states that overall, milk thistle may not pose a great risk for drug interactions in humans (13). In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. Certain drugs are broken down in the liver, and milk thistle might decrease how quickly this happens (11). Similar to milk thistle, dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) has antioxidant effects. Milk thistle is sold as an oral capsule, tablet and liquid extract. This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional. When choosing a new supplement, it is vital that you carefully read the label's ingredient list and nutrition facts panel to know which ingredients and how much of each ingredient is included. Sources of Milk Thistle & What to Look For, Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C virus liver diseases, Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review, Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial, Effect of silymarin (milk thistle) on liver disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C unsuccessfully treated with interferon therapy: a randomized controlled trial, Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. StatPearls Publishing; 2022. Milk thistle is a plant whose fruit and seeds have been used for more than 2,000 years as a treatment for liver and bile duct disorders. Some people claim it can help to treat: cirrhosis. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Liver toxicity has been observed at very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day) of silybin, an active compound of milk thistle. A 2012 study found that silymarin helped to protect against inflammation in the airways of mice with allergic asthma. Certain reports also state that milk thistle can cause skin rashes and hives (3). Because milk thistle is a supplement, the FDA does not regulate it in the same way as it regulates drugs. Common side effects of milk thistle reported in studies include: Typically, side effects will subside once you stop using milk thistle. Merlin Annie Raj, RD (Registered Dietitian), Merlin Annie Raj is a Registered Dietitian based out of Hyderabad, India. Always speak with a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs. Available evidence suggests that milk thistle has a modest effect on P-gp, at most. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease where the immune system overreacts to environmental triggers, leading to inflammation in the airways. Milk thistle may help to stop the spread of certain types of cancer. In one case, milk thistle had caused excessive sweating and weakness (14). Silymarin, a Promising Pharmacological Agent for Treatment of Diseases, Iranian University of Medical Sciences, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. However, the review's authors warned that the quality of the studies was poor and that more research is needed before milk thistle should be recommended for use. Milk Thistle, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. Milk thistle has not been implicated in causing liver injury and is still used widely as a liver tonic in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases. Also known as Mary thistle or holy thistle, milk thistle grows in Mediterranean countries and people use it to make natural remedies. Keep in mind, though, that it is unknown if milk thistle tea provides the same suggested benefits as milk thistle supplements. 2016;2016:5147468. doi:10.1155/2016/5147468. These combination supplements may list health claims on the label. Soleimani V, Delghandi PS, Moallem SA, Karimi G. Safety and toxicity of silymarin, the major constituent of milk thistle extract: An updated review. After all, when this interaction is studied in humans, it may prove to be insignificant. 3 are moderate, and 1 is minor. Further, while liver-related mortality was significantly reduced by milk thistle, this was not seen in any of the high-quality trials. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. [Database subscription]. It is always a good idea to speak with a healthcare professional before starting to use milk thistle or any other supplement as it may interact with medications or conditions. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Regardless, interactions are still possible. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. But it may be a helpful complementary treatment to try if a healthcare professional approves it. Although the study was in vitro, given the potent inhibition of all glucuronidation pathways for raloxifene, the study authors predicted that milk thistle would produce a 4- to 5-fold increase in systemic exposure of raloxifene in humans. Milk thistle is native to the Mediterranean region. Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering herb native to Europe but also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin, an active ingredient in milk thistle. Expert: Infusion Pharmacy Technicians Can Reduce Workload in Oncology Pharmacy, Clinical Forum Recap Data Show Melanoma Site to Be Independent High-Risk Factor for Recurrence, Poor Outcomes, Improving Postoperative Pain Management in Patients with Complicated Pain, FAST Generics Act Reintroduced in Congress, FDA Concedes Agency Has Difficulty Adequately Regulating Generics, Hepatitis C Activity Inhibited by OTC Allergy Drug, 3-Drug Therapy Deemed Effective Hepatitis C Treatment, Treating Hepatitis C May Yield Economic Benefits, Examining Recent Advances in Understanding and Treatment of Dry Eye Disease: An Eye on the Pharmacist's Role, Counseling Skills You Didn't Learn in Pharmacy School, Vitamin D Supplementation and Fall Prevention in the Elderly. Milk thistle may cause an allergic reaction in those with allergies to plants in the same family, like ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy. The milk may have fallen on the leaves, leaving white marks. He has been in the digital media field for over eight years. Check out our. Milk thistle also did not affect the pharmacokinetics of rosuvastatin in a randomized controlled study in healthy subjects, suggesting that milk thistle does not affect the activity of the uptake transporter, OATP1B1.5. Content is best viewed in IE9 or above, Firefox and Google Chrome browser. As with any natural remedy, people should discuss using milk thistle with a doctor before taking it. Milk thistle is generally thought to be safe, but you still may experience side effects when taking it. However, if you develop an allergic reaction after taking milk thistle, stop use and consult your doctor. Finally, those with hormone-sensitive conditions, including certain cancers, may need to avoid using milk thistle. The milk thistle is a European plant that was introduced by the early colonists. Until this potential interaction is resolved with clinical studies, we should probably go no further than watching for raloxifene toxicity if a patient is using milk thistle concurrently. It also looks at how to use milk thistle and whether there are any risks to consider. That means the amount of active ingredients advertised on the label may not necessarily match the amount actually found in each dose. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345. Things to remember when you fill your prescription. How this happens is yet to be studied. What. 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Milk thistle can also cause an allergic reaction in some people. The NCCIH Clearinghouse provides information onNCCIHand complementary and integrative health approaches, including publications and searches of Federal databases of scientific and medical literature. Continue reading. Check out the infographic below to learn more about the benefits of milk thistle.SaveIllustration: StyleCraze Design Team. Substances in milk thistle may reduce blood sugar. Yes, you can drink alcohol while taking milk thistle. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. Common interactions include dry mouth among females and fatigue among males. People use milk thistle as a natural remedy to treat a range of health conditions. Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Minimize risk; assess risk and consider an alternative drug, take steps to circumvent the interaction risk and/or institute a monitoring plan. In a 2016 study, researchers fed rats a high-cholesterol diet. Hepatology. nausea, loss of appetite. Milk thistle may interfere with the following medications, because both milk thistle and these medications are broken down by the same liver enzymes: Reviewed By: Steven D. Ehrlich, N.M.D., private practice specializing in complementary and alternative medicine, Phoenix, AZ. How long does it take for milk thistle to start working? Common side effects of milk thistle may include: indigestion, bloating, gas, stomach pain; diarrhea; or. Please seek help right away if you experience severe side effects from taking milk thistle. hepatitis. Despite having nothing to do with milk, the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum, is a popular herb for treating and preventing a variety of diseases.. Milk thistle has been shown in vitro to be a potent inhibitor for enzymes responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is available. Certain people should take precautions when using milk thistle, and others may need to avoid it altogether. Consult your healthcare provider if this applies to you. Toxicity is also possible if too much milk thistle is taken. Medical research on milk thistle and liver health has led to mixed results. Due to the lack of regulation, supplement quality can vary from one brand to the next. JAMA. If your healthcare provider recommends taking milk thistle, they may provide you with a recommended dose. Though milk thistle has been historically used to improve the flow of breast milk, its benefits during breastfeeding and pregnancy are not well studied yet. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). Check with your pharmacist for more details about the brand you use.The FDA has not reviewed this product for safety or effectiveness. Researchers think it may also slow down the growth of cancer cells. The active ingredient in milk thistle is called silymarin. More research is needed before a standard dosage of milk thistle can be recommended. Phytomedicine. Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al. Milk thistle could play an essential role in supporting bone health. Enter your medication into the WebMD interaction checker, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Fitness vs. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. How should we deal with preliminary information such as this? Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on April 1, 2020. Cymbalta side effects (more detail) Several studies have suggested that milk thistle has immunomodulatory effects. 10 Remedies For Dull Skin, Signs, Causes, And Prevention, 30 Effective Home Remedies To Get Wrinkle-Free Skin, Skin Elasticity: What Is It And 10 Ways To Improve It, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11896/, https://nccih.nih.gov/health/milkthistle/ataglance.htm, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541075/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538855/, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.01356/full, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164972/, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1534735407301942, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116427/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396404, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/silybum-marianum, https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/334488, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65780/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3586829/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30000830/, 6 Health Benefits Of Wheat Germ & How To Include In Your Diet, Honey And Cinnamon: Health Benefits And Nutritional Value, 33 Wonderful Benefits Of Banana For Skin, Hair, And Health, Top 4 Health Benefits Of White Beans You Must Know, Sourdough Bread Benefits, Nutrition Profile, & Side Effects, 10 Research Backed Health Benefits Of Grape Juice + Nutritional Value, 7 Benefits Of Dry Dates For Health & Their Nutritional Value. 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Shown in vitro to be a helpful complementary treatment to try if healthcare. Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345 thistle as a supplement, the FDA does not regulate it in the same benefits. Kawaguchi-Suzuki M, Frye RF, Zhu HJ, et al a natural remedy, people should discuss milk.